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Using the contemporary instruments of the managerial accounting, the corporate analysis, forecasting and planning, “Geobor” Ltd. offers the following services in the sphere of financial consulting activity: 1. Study on the nature and dynamics of the income and expenditure of the company 2. Assessment of the influence of the direct and indirect costs on the stable financial result 3. Production and services prime cost calculation 4. Cost optimization and budgeting 5. Cost limitation 6. Financial analysis. Forecasting and planning 7. Organization of the company 8. Business plans development 9. Stating grounds of loan applications 10. Analysis of the investment decisions 11. Assessment of the market positions 12. Choice criteria for a service bank
Taxes, taxation, tax concessions in Republic of Bulgaria. Insurance according to the Social Insurance Code in Republic of Bulgaria The taxation of companies and natural persons in Republic of Bulgaria is defined by the following acts: 1. Value Added Tax Act 2. Excise Duties Act 3. Corporate Income Taxation Act 4. Personal Income Tax Law 5. Local Taxes and Fees Act 6. Law on Customs and the Customs Tariff
The taxes in Republic of Bulgaria are classified as: - Indirect – They are collected from the end-user (a company or a natural person) via the companies, realizing activity, which serve as “mail boxes” for their collection and subsequent contribution to the budget of Republic of Bulgaria in certain fixed terms. Such taxes are: excise duties, duties and customs taxes, VAT. - Direct – Payers are the effective companies and natural persons. Such taxes are: Patent Tax, Corporate Income Tax, withholding of tax at source, Expenditure Tax, Alternative Tax, Employee Taxes, Sole Trader Income Tax on Economic Activity, Other Economic Activity Income tax, Rent or Other Consideration Lending of Title or Property Usage Income Tax, Transfer of Title or Property Income Tax, Other Sources Income Tax, Final Taxes, Local Taxes (Real Estate Tax, Inheritance Tax, Tax on Gifts, Acquisition of Property Tax, Motor Vehicle Tax and other local taxes, defined by the law), local assessments (for domestic waste, etc.). Companies and legal entities most often pay the following taxes:
Direct Taxes: 1. Corporate Tax with Tax Rate - 10% 2. Dividend and Liquidating Dividends Tax– 5% 3. Tax on representative, social and connected with motor vehicle exploitation expenses, when managerial activity is being realized with them – 10% 4. Real Estate Tax defined from the tax valuation of property in boundaries from 0.1 to 2.5 in a thousand by the Municipal Council 5. Motor Vehicle Tax which is defined by the Municipal Council according to the power of the engine and the year of production
Indirect Taxes: - Value Added Tax with tax rate– 20%
Local Taxes: - Domestic Waste Charge – defined by the Municipal Council
Companies, legal entities with turnover for the previous year up to 200 000 BGN and newly appointed persons, for the year of their appointment, do not make advance instalments for the Corporate Tax. They pay it to 31st March of the following year. Natural persons most often pay the following taxes: Direct Taxes: 1. Patent Tax is payable by the natural persons including the sole traders who perform activities mentioned in Appendix No 4 to Article 61a from the Local Taxes and Charges Act when person`s turnover for the previous year do not exceed 50 000BGN and the person is not registered according to the Law on Value Added Tax 2. Sole Trader Income Tax on Economic Activity with tax rate - 15% 3. Local and foreign natural persons, which have earned income from sources in Bulgaria, form annual basis of assessment of income from: Employment relationships, other economic activity, unearned income, income from rent or other consideration lending of title or property usage, income from penalties, compensations, etc. on whose base is payable 10% tax rate.
Indirect Taxes – as it is in the case of legal entities Local Taxes – as it is in the case of legal entities There are two regimes for registration according to the Law on Value Added Tax: 1. On obligation when the turnover for the previous 12 months exceeds 50 000 BGN 2. At will Persons, registered according to the Law on Value Added Tax, keep their accounting under the terms of the National and International Standards and Accountancy Law:
- Charge VAT in amount of 20% on the basis of their sales value - Form monthly purchase diaries - Form …sales diaries - Form monthly reference-declaration for the Value Added Tax - In case of necessity they form Intrastat and Vies declarations
This information is being monthly applied up to the 14th day of the following month in the National Revenue Agency
There are two regimes for the unregistered according to the Law on Value Added Tax: - For Sole Traders – Patient Tax which is definitive and do not depend on the financial result: profit or loss. But in this category the subject has annual alignment of the State Social Security Funds - For Legal Entities – The taxation is according to the Corporate Income Taxation Act Companies file annual activity report up to 31st March of the following year and in the most common case it consists of: profit-and-loss account, balance, cash flow statement, equity statement, statement for tangible fixed assets and appendixes. According to the Corporate Income Tax Law the companies can use corporate tax privileges in their taxation such as: Hire unemployed and disabled people Realize production activity in municipalities with unemployment higher than the average rate in the country Give donations, the maximum costs for donations, recognized for tax purposes, are 65% from the accountancy income for the respective year
According to the Personal Income Tax Law the natural persons can use tax concessions in their taxation such as: - people with reduced work capacity - in case of private contribution for voluntary social security scheme and insurance - Private pension scheme and insurance payment contributions - the sum from the annual tax bases is being reduced with the donations given during the year up to 65% - a young family
The state institutions whom the companies in Bulgaria very often partner are: - National Revenue Agency - National Social Security Institute - National Statistical Institute - Executive Agency “General Labour Inspectorate” - Bulgarian National Bank - National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology - State Veterinary Sanitary Control - Commission for Consumer Protection - Personal Data Protection Commission
Insurance of the employees and self-employment insurance according to the Social Insurance Code in Republic of Bulgaria:
The insurance mechanism in Republic of Bulgaria is defined by the Social Insurance Code and the Health Insurance Law, regulations and instructions from the National Social Security Institute.
In Republic of Bulgaria there are introduces National Code of Economic Activity and National Code of Professions and Positions. The professions and positions for the different economic activities have different minimal insurance income. The insurance income- this is the income on whose base the employer and the employee pay insurance for the State Social Insurance and Health Insurance Funds.
The insurance contributions for 2010 are at the rate of 29% from which 12.10% are to the account of the employee and 16.90% are to the account of the employer.
For 2010 the minimal insurance income for a self-employed person is 420 BGN and the maximum is 2000 BGN. The insurance burden is 27.5%.
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